 1100s -
1100s Arabic numerals used in Europe; paper made in Constantinople.
1100 French Crusader Baldwin I is crowned first King of Jerusalem.
1100-1135 Henry I is crowned King of England, but to mollify the barons, he has to grant them the Charter of Liberties.
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 1110s -
1081-1118 Alexius I
1110s Islamic philosopher Avempace from Northeastern Spain writes one of the first commentaries on Aristotle
1111 After Henry V (1105-25)captures his father, he is1111
crowned emperor and then excommunicated in 1112
1116  Abelard courts and later marries his precocious student Heloise
1118-43 John IV
c. 1119 Saint Bernard co-founds the Knights Templar
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 1120s -
1118-43 John IV1120 Hospitallers established
1121 Abelard's non-trinitarian philosophy condemned as heresy at Soissons
1122 Holy Roman Emperor Henry V
ends the Investiture Controversy, started by his father, with the Concordat of Worms.
1123 First Lateran Council
1123 & 4 Byzantine Emperor John II defeats Serbs & Hungarians
1129 Knights Templar officially approved at Council of Troyes
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 1130s -
1118-43 John IV
1138 Conrad III begins Hohenstaufen line
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 1140s -
1118-43 John IV
1143-80 Manuel I
1140 Abelard condemned at Sens
1142 Rise of Guelph and Ghibelline factions
1144 Muslim leader Zengi, leading a Jihad against the Christian Franks in the Holy Land,
captures Edessa and destroys the oldest Crusader State.
1145 Pope Eugene III proclaims 2nd Crusade
1147-49 Second Crusade, led by Fr & Ger Kings, divided by Byzantine power struggle,
massacred Jews, failed to achieve any military objectives. |
 1150s
1143-80 Manuel I
1148-51 Peter Lombard, a bishop of Paris, writes Four Books of Sentences, which becomes the standard theological text of the Middle Ages
1150 The Nibelungenlied (epic
poem)
1152 Eleanor of Guienne marries Henry II Plantagenet, who becomes King of England in 1154.
This begins a long struggle between France and England over Aquitaine.
1156 Moscow founded
1158 University of Bologna chartered by Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa (founded in 1088) |
 1160s
1143-80 Manuel I
1160 David Alroy, false messiah
c. 1160 Arab polymath Ibn Tufayl writes the first philosophical novel, Hayy ibn Yaqdhan (The Living Son of the Vigilant),
1167 Lombard League formed to counter the claims of Hohenstaufen Holy Roman emperors to rule Italy.
1167 Oxford University begins
1138-1204 Maimonides, expelled from Muslim Spain, will become head of Jewish community in Egypt |
 1170s
1143-80 Manuel I
1169-1170s Andalusian (Spanish Muslim) polymath Averroes writes commentaries on Aristotle, which are later read by Europeans.
1170-80 Mishneh Torah of Maimonides details all of Jewish observance.
1170 Eleanor, sick of husband Henry II's infidelities, moves her residence to Poitiers,
France.
1170 Murder of Thomas Becket; Strongbow begins conquest of Ireland; Peter Waldo at
Lyons.
1171 Kurdish officer Saladin (Salah ed-Din) consolidates his control of the Muslim
empire.
1175 Canterbury Cathedral completed
1176 Carthusian Order est.; Frederick Barbarossa defeated at Legnano
1178 Albigensian heresy of French anti-materialists (dualistic Gnosticists - Catharism) condemned by eight local churches |
 1180s
1143-80 Manuel I
1180-83 Alexius II
1182-85 Andronicus I
1185-95 Isaac II
Byzantine Angelos Dynasty 1185-1204 declines
1181 Jews expelled from France
1187 Saladin defeats Crusader Guy de Lusignan and his army at the Horns of Horns of Hattin
, near the Sea of Gallilee, and captures Jerusalem from the Crusaders. Within months, Saladin
captures all Crusader territory except the seaport of Tyre.
1189-92 3rd Crusade |
 1190s
1185-95 Isaac II
1195-1203 Alexius III
1190 Jews killed in England
1190 Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa drowned
1191 Richard I the Lion Heart captures and sells Cyprus
1192 Leopold, duke of Austria captures Richard I,
released in 1194 and killed in battle 1199
1194 King Richard I is captured and held for ransom by Austrian Emperor Henry VI |
1100s
CE 